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Automatische Übersetzung:
Arnold of Brescia (c. 1090-1155). Lombard canon regular. He called on the Church to renounce property-ownership and participated in the Rome Commune of 1144-1193, free of papal authority, becoming the spiritual leader of the communal movement. This caused Pope Eugene III excommunicated him in 1148. After the death of Pope Eugenius, Pope Adrian IV acted quickly to regain control of Rome. He made an alliance with Frederick Barbarossa, who took Rome by force in 1155 after an Easter interdict and forced Arnold into exile again. Arnold was captured by imperial forces and tried by the Roman Curia as a rebel. Faced with the stake, he refused to recant any of his ideas. Arnold was hanged, his body burned at the stake and his ashes were cast into the Tiber River. Engraving. Historia de las persecuciones políticas y religiosas en Europa (History of political and religious persecutions in Europe). Volume I. Published in Barcelona, 1863.