Caption:
Charlemagne receiving the Ambassadors of Constantine. Charlemagne (742-814 AD) was King of the Franks (68-814) and the first Holy Roman Emperor (800-14). He conquered Italy and was crowned Imperator Augustus by Pope Leo III in Rome. His rule is also associated with the Carolingian Renaissance, a revival of art, religion, and culture through the medium of the Catholic Church. Through his foreign conquests and internal reforms, Charlemagne helped define both Western Europe and the European Middle Ages. Charlemagne had 18 children over the course of his life with 8 of his 10 known wives or concubines. Engraving by Ernest Monnin, 1838 (cropped and cleaned).