Air heated by solar rays over the equator rises through convection. As it rises, the air cools and discharges its humidity by producing heavy rain. Then, when it reaches an altitude of 15 to 20 km, it moves toward the poles. The cool air, denser and therefore heavier, descends toward the surface of Earth in the tropical latitudes, between 15° and 30°. Heated again during its descent, it expands and maintains a high- pressure zone along two subtropical belts. The Sahara, Nefud, Kalahari, and Great Sandy deserts are the main high-pressure deserts.

Air heated by solar rays over the equator rises through convection. As it rises, the air cools and discharges its humidity by producing heavy rain. Then, when it reaches an altitude of 15 to 20 km, it moves toward the poles. The cool air, denser and therefore heavier, descends toward the surface of Earth in the tropical latitudes, between 15° and 30°. Heated again during its descent, it expands and maintains a high- pressure zone along two subtropical belts. The Sahara, Nefud, Kalahari, and Great Sandy deserts are the main high-pressure deserts.

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