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John William Draper (May 5, 1811 - January 4, 1882) was an English-born American scientist, philosopher, physician, chemist, historian and photographer. He is credited with producing the first clear photograph of a female face (1839-40) and the first detailed photograph of the moon in 1840. He was the first president of the American Chemical Society and a founder of the NYU School of Medicine. His book, The History of the Conflict between Religion and Science, popularized the conflict thesis proposing intrinsic hostility in the relationship between religion and science. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1877. Napoleon Sarony, 1880 (cropped and cleaned).