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Phrenology Chart, 1850

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Title: Phrenology Chart, 1850

Caption: Phrenological chart with portraits of historical figures and illustrations of skulls exhibiting racial characteristics. Phrenology is a pseudoscience primarily focused on measurements of the human skull, based on the concept that the brain is the organ of the mind, and that certain brain areas have localized, specific functions or modules. Although both of those ideas have a basis in reality, phrenology extrapolated beyond empirical knowledge in a way that departed from science. Developed by German physician Franz Joseph Gall in 1796, the discipline was very popular in the 19th century, especially from about 1810 until 1840. Although now regarded as an obsolete amalgamation of primitive neuroanatomy with moral philosophy, phrenological thinking was influential in 19th century psychiatry. Gall's assumption that character, thoughts, and emotions are located in specific parts of the brain is considered an important historical advance toward neuropsychology. Lithograph by G. E. Madeley, authored by C. Donovan, 1850.

Category: ILLUSTRATION • black & white • Science: History

Credit: Album / Science Source / Wellcome Images

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Image size: 3236 × 4350 px | 40.3 MB

Print size: 27.4 × 36.8 cm | 1274.0 × 1712.6 in (300 dpi)

Keywords: 1850 • 1850S • 19TH CENTURY • ANATOMY: SKULL • ART • ARTWORK • ASSESSMENT • BLACK & WHITE • BW • CELEBRITIES • CELEBRITY • CHARACTER • CHARACTERISTICS • CHART • COMBE • CRANEO • CRANEOS • CRANIOSCOPY • CRANIUM • CRANIUMS • DIAGRAM • FAMOUS PEOPLE • FAMOUS • FRANZ GALL • FRANZ JOSEPH GALL • GALL • GEORGE COMBE • HEAD • HISTORIC • HISTORICAL • HISTORY • HUMAN • HUMANE • ILLUSTRATION • ILLUSTRATIONS • ILUSTRATION • IMPORTANT • INDIVIDUAL • INFO GRAPHIC • INFO-GRAPHIC • INFOGRAPHIC • JOHANN GASPARD SPURZHEIM • JOHANN SPURZHEIM • LITHOGRAPH • MEDICAL • MEDICINAL • MEDICINE • NEUROANATOMY • NEUROLOGIA • NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCE • NEUROLOGY • NOTABLE • PERSON • PERSONALITY • PHRENOLOGICAL • PHRENOLOGY • PHYSIOGNOMY • PSEUDO-SCIENCE • PSEUDOSCIENCE • RACIAL • SCIENCE • SCIENCE: HISTORY • SKULL • SKULL, ANATOMY • SKULLS • SPURZHEIM • WELL-KNOWN