Charlotte Louise Bridges Forten Grimké (August 17, 1837 - July 23, 1914) was an African-American activist, poet, and educator who grew up in a prominent abolitionist family in Philadelphia. She taught school for years, including during the Civil War, to freedmen in South Carolina. She married Francis James Grimké, a Presbyterian minister, who was a nephew of the abolitionist Grimké sisters. Her diaries written before the end of the Civil War are significant as a rare record of the life of a free black woman in the antebellum North. In 1862, she made one of the earliest recorded references to "the blues" as a sad or depressed state of mind. Charles Milton Bell, 1870s (cropped and cleaned).