Taj Mahal Mosque, Agra, India. Built by Shah Jahan (1592-1666), Mughal emperor, for his wife Arjumand Banu Begam (d1631) called Mumtaz Mahal (Favourite of the Palace), the Taj Mahal is generally considered the finest example of Mughal architecture, a style that combines elements of Indian and Persian architectures. The complex is made up of several buildings in addition to the main mausoleum, including this mosque, completed in the 1640s