Johann Joachim WINCKELMANN (December 9th 1717 - June 8th 1768) German archaeologist and art historian. In 1755 he became librarian and superintendent of antiquities at the Vatican. Considered the founder of scientific archeology, he also exerted a strong influence on the artistic, literary and philosophical positions of his time. He died murdered in Trieste. Profile portrait in oval sculpture by Giovanni Battista Casanova, engraving by Bartolo Folin on metal 18th century