Constantine is the capital of Constantine Province in northeastern Algeria. Located somewhat inland, Constantine is about 50 miles from the Mediterranean coast, on the banks of the tiny Rhumel River. During Roman times it was called Cirta and was renamed Constantina in honor of emperor Constantine the Great. In 1826 the last bey, Ahmed Bey ben Mohamed Chérif, became the new head of state. He led a fierce resistance against French forces, which had invaded Algeria four years later. By 1837, the territory was captured by France, and from 1848 on until 1962 it was an integral part of the French motherland. Constantine is often referred to as the City of Bridges due to the numerous picturesque bridges connecting the various hills, valleys, and ravines that the city is built on and around. Detroit Publishing Company, 1899.