The oil rush in America started in Titusville, Pennsylvania, in the Oil Creek Valley when Edwin L. Drake struck rock oil in 1859. Titusville and other towns expanded rapidly as oil wells and refineries shot up across the region. Oil became one of the most valuable commodities in the US and railroads expanded into Western Pennsylvania to ship petroleum to the rest of the country. By the mid-1870s, the oil industry was well established. Pennsylvania oil production peaked in 1891. Chemistry, Developed by Facts and Principles Drawn Chiefly from the Non-Metals by John Howard Appleton, 1884 (cropped and cleaned).
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