Pitchcapping was a form of torture used by the military against suspected Irish rebels during the period of the 1798 rebellion. The process involved pouring hot pitch, or tar, into a conical shaped paper cap, which was forced onto a bound suspect's head, allowed to cool, then rapidly removed, taking with it a portion of the suspect's skin and tissue. Less elaborate versions included smearing a cloth or piece of paper with pitch and pressing onto the head of the intended victim. The Irish Rebellion of 1798 was an uprising against British rule in Ireland lasting from May-September 1798.