A neuron is an electrically excitable cell that processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals. An axon, is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body. Dendrites are the branched projections of a neuron that act to propagate the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project. In a neuron, neurotransmitter vesicles store various neurotransmitters that are released at the synapse. A synapse is a structure that permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron.
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Album / Science Source / National Institute on Aging/NIH